Stuff you didn't know https://wiki.chotaire.net/ 2026-04-21T11:31:20+00:00 https://wiki.chotaire.net/ https://wiki.chotaire.net/_media/wiki:dokuwiki.svg text/html 2019-04-20T14:58:10+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/android-hostname?rev=1555772290&do=diff Android: Change Android hostname permanently Change Android hostname permanently I have read many terrible articles about how to change the hostname of an Android device (the one that is shown on your Wifi access point and usually consists of “ text/html 2021-05-13T09:17:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/aws-netflix?rev=1620897476&do=diff AWS: Netflix for network operators Netflix for network operators Eventhough you pay for your account, Netflix still doesn't like all of you. If you are unlucky enough to use an IP address which Netflix believes to be in a datacenter hosting range they'll lock you out. text/html 2024-03-25T18:47:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/fritzbox-he-dyndns?rev=1711392455&do=diff Fritz!Box: Hurricane Electric Dual Stack DynDNS on Fritz!Box Hurricane Electric Dual Stack DynDNS on Fritz!Box Hurricane Electric offers free accounts for using their DNS servers for your own domains. Primary DNS zones also offer dynamic DNS records. Once you generate a DDNS key for these hostnames, you can configure your Fritz!Box to update your hostname with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses (A and AAAA records) at the same time or update your tunnelbroker client IPv4 address. text/html 2019-04-20T14:54:49+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-autostart-cron?rev=1555772089&do=diff Linux: Autostart tty applications after reboot using crontab Autostart tty applications after reboot using crontab Edit the crontab of the user who is going to run the application: crontab -u <USERNAME> -e Paste the following and edit accordingly, save to disk, done: text/html 2019-04-20T14:54:30+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-bash-history?rev=1555772070&do=diff Linux: Using cursor keys to tab-complete through BASH history Using cursor keys to tab-complete through BASH history In modern bash shells, it is possible to hit +R, enter a keyword and do a reverse search for commands that were last used. This will search all previous commands with the keyword, regardless if the command started with this keyword or if that keyword were included at another position of this command. To continue the search, one would hit text/html 2019-04-27T18:23:47+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-caddy-reverseproxy?rev=1556389427&do=diff Linux: How to run a Caddy HTTP/2 TLS 1.3 Reverse Proxy with Let's Encrypt How to run a Caddy HTTP/2 TLS 1.3 Reverse Proxy with Let's Encrypt Never again you will need to worry about HTTPS-enabling your NAS, your local webserver, your fileshare, your mediacenter and whatever else. Caddy will do that for you. Automatically. And Caddy will also make sure the certificates get re-issued automatically. All that you need is working text/html 2019-11-04T23:54:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-centos8-things-to-know?rev=1572911641&do=diff Linux: Things to know about CentOS 8 / CentOS 8 Stream Things to know about CentOS 8 / CentOS 8 Stream This document is a work in progress. Check back every once in a while. Also keep an eye on Known Issues from CentOS community. CentOS 8 has finally been released on September 25th, 2019. It is more than about time that I start working on a wiki page to add things I had to find out myself about the freshly baked community enterprise text/html 2019-04-20T14:59:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-check_mk-fc29?rev=1555772385&do=diff Linux: Check_MK diskstat patch to run with Fedora 29 kernels Check_MK diskstat patch to run with Fedora 29 kernels 1.5.0p9 share/check_mk/checks/diskstat (1.5.0p7: fixes diskstat crashes with kernel 4.19.*): #!/usr/bin/python # -*- encoding: utf-8; py-indent-offset: 4 -*- # +------------------------------------------------------------------+ # | ____ _ _ __ __ _ __ | # | / ___| |__ ___ ___| | __ | \/ | |/ / | # | … text/html 2025-05-14T08:14:02+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-check_mk-nagios-cgi?rev=1747210442&do=diff Linux: Install Nagios CGI support in Checkmk 1.6.0 / 2.x Install Nagios CGI support in Checkmk 1.6.0 / 2.x Checkmk 1.6.0 is no longer shipped with the classic Nagios UI, which includes the cgi-bin files. The authors have decided to remove it for security reasons and they don't intend to bring it back. This decision results in all third-party smartphone apps (such as text/html 2025-05-14T08:18:25+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-check_mk-update-check?rev=1747210705&do=diff Linux: Check for linux updates using Checkmk 1.6.0 / 2.x Raw Edition Check for linux updates using CRE 1.6.0 / 2.x OS This howto explains how to check for OS updates on CentOS, Redhat, Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu and OpenSUSE systems using Checkmk 1.6.0 / 2.0 / 2.1 / 2.2 Raw Edition text/html 2019-04-20T14:55:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-dhcptest?rev=1555772108&do=diff Linux: Testing a DHCP server without an extra physical network adapter Testing a DHCP server without an extra physical network adapter One requirement for testing a DHCP server is that the DHCP client is using a different MAC address than the DHCP server (or in other scenarios, a different mac address than the existing client network interface if that interface is already receiving a lease from the same DHCP server). One could grab a notebook to test DHCP or set up a virtual machine, but the… text/html 2025-03-01T21:37:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-ec-cert?rev=1740865028&do=diff Linux: The time is right for ECDSA certificates The time is right for ECDSA certificates Elliptic curve certificates are much smaller, leading to faster TLS handshakes. They are also considered more secure in comparison to RSA certificates. This should speed up loading secure websites on most client devices. text/html 2019-04-20T14:55:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-fail2ban?rev=1555772136&do=diff Linux: Reset fail2ban database Reset fail2ban database See amount of banned hosts You might have too many host entries in fail2ban database: fail2ban-client status sshd Status for the jail: sshd |- Filter | |- Currently failed: 12 | |- Total failed: 240087 | `- File list: /var/log/auth.log `- Actions |- Currently banned: 21 |- Total banned: 27216 `- Banned IP list: ... text/html 2019-04-25T12:55:27+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-fc30-pi3-selinux?rev=1556196927&do=diff Linux: Fedora 30 with SELinux on Raspberry Pi 3 Fedora 30 with SELinux on Raspberry Pi 3 Many of you may not have noticed, but Fedora is releasing for ARMv7 architecture and delivers an absolutely outstanding Fedora release for Raspberry Pi since Fedora 25 or so. The key bonus of running Fedora 30 on Raspberry Pi is having SELinux. text/html 2019-08-30T10:52:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-fc30-selinux-issues?rev=1567162337&do=diff Linux: Fedora 30 SELinux issues on x86_64 Fedora 30 SELinux issues There were some outstanding minor SELinux issues with Fedora 30 on x86_64 architecture soon before release date. These can easily be fixed using a SELinux module. Hotfix: SELinux module text/html 2019-09-25T02:02:42+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-fedora30?rev=1569376962&do=diff Linux: Documentation of important changes and issues with Fedora 30 Beta Proper way of booting the emergency console on Fedora 30 Selinux will prevent any changes made to system files if you just boot with init=/bin/sh, so do it right: * Start your system and wait for the GRUB menu to show (if you don't see a GRUB menu, press and hold the left Shift key right after starting the system). text/html 2019-04-20T14:55:21+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-gitea?rev=1555772121&do=diff Linux: Gitea Cheat Sheet Gitea Cheat Sheet Gitea selinux module for Fedora 29 This assumes that Gitea runs as user git and is installed in /home/git/gitea and the repositories are also located in /home/git. This shall also be the case for the remainder of this document. text/html 2021-05-06T10:37:17+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-goaccess-nginx?rev=1620297437&do=diff Linux: How to create a goaccess static report from nginx with logrotate How to create a goaccess static report from nginx with logrotate Nginx on Debian and Ubuntu makes use of logrotate to keep access logs small. Logs are rotated daily, and everything that's older than 2 days gets gzip-compressed. To create a total report of all accesses to a nginx webserver, follow this tutorial. text/html 2019-04-23T18:16:01+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-leap423-vbox?rev=1556043361&do=diff Linux: Patches for VirtualBox to run with openSUSE Leap 42.3 kernels Patches for VirtualBox to run with openSUSE Leap 42.3 kernels Quick patch for OpenSUSE Leap 42.3 using get_user_pages() API from kernel 4.10 on kernel 4.4 (sigh): --- src/vboxguest-5.1.26/vboxguest/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c.orig 2017-07-27 13:45:39.000000000 +0200 +++ src/vboxguest-5.1.26/vboxguest/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c 2017-07-28 00:07:05.225700000 +0200 @@ -1101,18 +1101,14 @@ # endif … text/html 2019-04-23T18:52:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-parazip?rev=1556045553&do=diff Linux: Multi-threaded (parallel) tar.bz2 background archiving of a directory with CPU & I/O scheduling Parazip Introduction Multi-threaded (parallel) tar.bz2 archiving of a directory with lowest priority CPU and I/O scheduling. Utilizes all cpu cores and detaches into background, will syslog when it's done. Will install missing dependancies on RHEL based operating systems. text/html 2021-05-13T13:04:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-selinux?rev=1620911056&do=diff Linux: Selinux Howto SELinux Howto Enable/disable SELinux Find out if (and how) SELinux is enabled: getenforce Disable SELinux (set it to permissive): setenforce 0 Re-enable SELinux with the following command: setenforce 1 SELinux Booleans text/html 2019-04-20T15:01:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-tcpdump?rev=1555772472&do=diff Linux: How to tcpdump like a boss How to tcpdump like a boss If you are ever required to deliver full tcpdumps to devs that contain as much information as possible, then this is the way to go: tcpdump -nnvvXSs 1514 -e -i <interface> See TCPDump Man Page for more information. text/html 2021-05-20T05:05:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/linux-tmux?rev=1621487159&do=diff Linux: Some tmux shortcuts you should know Some tmux shortcuts you should know Meta key: Whether or sometimes tmux detach: + tmux list sessions: tmux ls tmux reattach: tmux att -t <session id> tmux create window: + tmux change window: text/html 2019-09-27T13:15:52+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/pfsense-login?rev=1569590152&do=diff pfSense: Minimalistic login-page theme for pfSense 2.4 Minimalistic login-page theme for pfSense 2.4 Screenshot Code I hacked this together the other day. Replace /usr/local/www/css/login.css contents with this (has to be done after each pfSense update text/html 2020-01-19T22:07:45+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/pfsense-unblock-incoming-gmail?rev=1579471665&do=diff pfSense: Unblock incoming Gmail on pfBlocker NG Unblock incoming Gmail on pfBlocker NG If you are using pfBlocker NG, you might eventually end up receiving no more e-mails from Google's Gmail service, depending on which RBL lists you use. For example, text/html 2024-10-29T16:16:33+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/proxmox-various-commands?rev=1730218593&do=diff Proxmox: Collection of various Proxmox commands Collection of various Proxmox commands Most of this is rather undocumented, so use at your own risk. If this is not self-explanatory, then leave it be. Disable PVE cluster services on standalone node text/html 2022-09-11T13:41:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/start?rev=1662903672&do=diff Welcome! This is a Wiki on a mission to provide information which is unavailable anywhere else on the Internet (at the time of writing). I wouldn't write it down if it already existed because I have other hobbies. The main topics are IT Ops and Dev Ops, specifically Virtualization, Cloud Computing, Operating Systems. If you feel that an article is interesting or needs a correction, please text/html 2019-09-25T01:55:56+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/vbox-test-warning-messages?rev=1569376556&do=diff VirtualBox: The mystery about test1 and test2 kernel warning messages The mystery about test1 and test2 kernel warning messages I've been getting monitoring alerts of suspicious kernel warning messages. I was confused and started auditing the affected box once I saw this: text/html 2019-08-02T07:19:39+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows-hyperv-2019-fix-rdp?rev=1564730379&do=diff Hyper-V Server 2019: Fix Remote Desktop Connections Fix remote desktop connections on Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2019 At the time of this writing, Hyper-V Server 2019 is a little buggy, that is why Microsoft hasn't released it yet. Also, there are no updates available from Windows Update yet. There are some more smaller issues that are not being discussed here, but the initial showstopper everyone is going to witness is the inability to remotely access the machine running Hyper-V Server 2019. text/html 2019-04-20T14:53:08+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows-server-2019-core-cheat-sheet?rev=1555771988&do=diff Windows Server 2019: Server Core Cheat Sheet Windows Server 2019 Core Cheat Sheet Enable Remote Desktop In cmd.exe, enter the following command to enable Remote Desktop connections for this host: cscript %windir%\system32\scregedit.wsf /ar 0 text/html 2019-09-25T01:59:53+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows-server-2019-remove-unused-features?rev=1569376793&do=diff Windows Server 2019: Remove unused features and roles from component store Remove unused features and roles from Windows Server 2019 component store By default, on Windows 10 and Windows Server 2019 all features and roles are copied to disk even if they are not installed. This allows for fast role and feature installations and consistent patching. To reduce the footprint of your Windows installation, all unused features can be removed from text/html 2020-03-04T09:05:43+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-keybase?rev=1583312743&do=diff Windows 10: Backing up a Keybase Windows device If you intend to reinstall your operating system, your Keybase device configuration must be backed up otherwise you will lose the device. The impact of this may be so harmful that it can lead up to an account reset, which makes you lose all kbfs files, teams, devices and more. Even worse, stuff like teams, device names are permanent and as such cannot be reused. Best of all, I found zero documentation anywhere on the web about how to make a back… text/html 2021-05-16T14:56:41+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-kitty-winscp?rev=1621177001&do=diff Windows 10: Launch WinSCP session at present working directory from within KiTTY Launch WinSCP session at present working directory from within KiTTY Problem Description I've used KiTTY with zmodem for many years to quickly inject or fetch files from remote SSH hosts. There was simply no quicker way to get this job done until the zmodem code got broken, abandonned and finally removed following the text/html 2019-09-23T14:24:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-lowmemory?rev=1569248662&do=diff Windows 10: Deactivate Windows Defender / Firewall Deactivate Windows Defender / Firewall If you are running Windows 10 on an isolated VM or retro PC with less than 500MB of memory, you may realize that most of the memory is actually used by Defender and Windows Firewall compononents. There is a way to entirely disable these components and prevent them from loading into memory on boot. This is a terrible thing to do, but the following will save you a few hundred megs in RAM usage. text/html 2019-04-20T14:56:29+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-notifications?rev=1555772189&do=diff Windows 10: Fix notifications not showing up in Info Center Fix notifications not showing up in Info Center On Windows 10 1809, Info Center icon may show you have new notifications, but they are never displayed. Maybe you just have disabled background apps. That setting needs to be enabled for notifications to display :( text/html 2019-09-11T17:59:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-rdp-wddm-bug?rev=1568224763&do=diff Windows 10: 100% CPU after disconnecting from RDP to Windows 1903 100% CPU usage on single core after disconnecting from RDP session to Windows 10 Pro 1903 Problem Description You may be experiencing a critical issue on a remote machine running Windows 10 Pro 1903 when disconnecting from an RDP session. One CPU core may end up using 100% CPU (dwm.exe). If logging in from the console, the CPU load would go back to normal. However, in some cases, a reconnect via RDP might eventually freeze th… text/html 2020-02-01T18:18:55+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows10-winsxs?rev=1580581135&do=diff Windows 10: Clean up the WinSxS folder Clean up the WinSxS folder Using the Disk Cleanup Tool regularly is a nice thing to strip down the WinSXS folder, however for sysprepping machines this is not sufficient as it will skip the updates from the past 30 days. I recommend running Disk Cleanup tool first and then run DISM from an elevated command prompt ( text/html 2023-01-10T12:41:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows11-flight-simulator-airliner-addons?rev=1673354482&do=diff Windows 11: Best Airliner Addons for Microsoft Flight Simulator Best Airliner Addons for Microsoft Flight Simulator Introduction Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020 has turned into a beast with amazing addons that make this simulation extraordinarily realistic and fill the world with immersion. I would like to compile my personal favorites of mandatory addons that make airliner pilots cry of joy. text/html 2022-02-04T06:58:12+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/windows11-prefer-ipv4?rev=1643957892&do=diff Windows 11: Prefer IPv4 over IPv6 Prefer IPv4 over IPv6 on Windows 11 Problem Description While IPv6 is finally being deployed by most ISPs, many of them still provide a much better IPv4 peering, resulting in slower downloads when using IPv6. When an ISP does not yet offer native IPv6 connectivity, some users may have deployed text/html 2020-04-12T13:35:36+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://wiki.chotaire.net/youtube-adblock-playback-error?rev=1586698536&do=diff Youtube: How to fix Youtube playback errors on Chrome with adblocker installed How to fix Youtube playback errors on Chrome with adblocker installed Problem Description In March 2020, Youtube started displaying playback errors on monetized videos when using adblockers. You could either wait some 30 seconds until the video starts neitherless or refresh the page for the videos to play. This howto explains how to add a custom filter and rule to UBlock Origin to make life a little better.